http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
% K& D* `! C6 y! e; fCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version7 ]$ ~! y5 l$ B+ M
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).; O' R# V$ ~- c7 n; M0 W5 c( i4 M
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Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.6 O( X2 E* H/ Z6 o. B+ j
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Considerations- d$ @4 U+ J7 M6 P: ]8 s# G* ?
& a. p( H% O. F4 \; P |5 ~Coughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.0 ?2 Y A/ Q0 m! c; T) A, p+ _5 }& o
2 O) e+ T7 f2 k2 W9 S5 r4 qBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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Causes
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A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
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6 g4 W, X3 i3 K( IBlood clot in the lung5 z' m, T* _2 L
Breathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration) G2 @* _0 k6 H: I# Q8 U* N! ]; k4 `
Bronchoscopy with biopsy
8 K i) O8 e( n0 B l* d6 r" wBronchiectasis2 ]1 x- r4 I. w4 |8 \* n: H6 K
Bronchitis
2 d( R8 c5 }+ J5 tCancer" p+ {; ?1 @! |+ D7 E/ T5 ~+ t9 U
Cystic fibrosis, j( w) A& U5 T
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)6 e5 S; w8 x- o# _) q+ }; J5 P4 u
Injury to the arteries of the lungs
) e; G- {& J3 L0 rIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)7 Q4 J2 }8 m: i' W8 M
Pneumonia or other lung infections
5 W. p! p/ e. p4 Q" c" vPulmonary edema
2 R* L- U4 ~! ?8 P. mSystemic lupus erythematosus
+ t4 o) C8 C+ k; a' OTuberculosis
. m2 i6 P4 F/ T/ q. JHome Care
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$ K f9 k' o( z! T2 ?Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.* Z( G% k5 l/ w% ~
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It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.) c; g$ G5 F' g# v' F O8 i: v n
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When to Contact a Medical Professional
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:
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& O# c9 ]( A6 X9 r4 v% l# NA cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
9 x5 u, l3 h& O8 m8 k7 k- n( UBlood in your urine or stools+ p0 z4 o! g9 e2 ^+ O' T2 I; x
Chest pain4 d, ?6 T1 z# o A6 q' h; [& F, \5 N
Dizziness( b* z7 \. ~: { b
Fever7 s3 K- J Z# b) E5 `4 C6 s# }4 N
Light-headedness+ \/ q# B; m% S$ W# I7 P: l) d
Severe shortness of breath
8 O1 s F7 T& B7 E- a1 ^- ?% g% O1 BWhat to Expect at Your Office Visit
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) ?2 a: N, U7 K* }5 }In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:
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# k5 J3 B* w; P6 G/ F2 _Type
) m2 U5 G4 r0 Z6 TAre you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?
0 `- M) g' @0 d7 O e& \! DCan you see blood when you cough up something?
4 J& n6 c9 p9 u5 iHow many times have you coughed up blood?
0 ^7 E; s) p% _. B9 Z$ KIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
) p, ~, z! M# g9 h, x2 ITime pattern$ x/ D: X1 c+ [
Did it begin suddenly?
# G; c% z& E0 DHas it increased recently?
% f5 a q4 P9 ]% H/ n4 LFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?
. f. s# _0 [0 ?5 l5 ?$ [, O5 o7 nIs the cough worse at night?; R x6 A, t, R' p; _
What other symptoms do you have?/ y; n% q, p7 E3 [, J% j
The doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:+ O' l" d. e; F% }; C
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
; c" H* O9 _% }$ Z" {& k/ l9 {' v- z, sChest CT scan- c% y# ?0 o' L7 t6 D# b$ M
Chest x-ray
$ G1 r3 W2 ?. cComplete blood count! Y. O# C5 v7 H: V! S; l
Lung biopsy, v. F+ a: ~- e; j" [
Lung scan7 }- k0 ?- n9 U" `
Pulmonary arteriography
% r9 U1 B# u, a v6 y" n* cSputum culture and smear
; C) W+ F' R3 a0 e4 |# K+ y% DTest to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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