http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm* c6 W8 k; L0 h$ ]5 }" `: n
Coughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version( ~4 |% |; ^7 ?$ r _( O' R) x
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).+ D- O2 Z- F( D1 n% \' w" W
. [# {) t! w- n0 f- DHemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.
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Considerations) H( m7 ~( p- g. h0 y6 u8 b& Y
( l' F5 A& B& y, l( ^1 D- YCoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.
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Blood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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Causes9 b5 Q$ ?! }9 g' `
9 Y: u$ [& ]3 M/ W5 ]) k- U. aA number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
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. j* I, d( @2 GBlood clot in the lung
3 h' S7 x- F) T6 EBreathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
& r w+ |7 f' p5 @! RBronchoscopy with biopsy
" h R/ F( y/ W7 A3 @8 ]Bronchiectasis' p5 |( S# d% k: K6 m' l* a
Bronchitis
6 n% f2 E' _. {1 q. T7 \Cancer
1 y5 u) K+ x! V; o) dCystic fibrosis
) M" ?+ B( N0 JInflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)8 q T# V" T d4 s& h% r$ `
Injury to the arteries of the lungs' S a9 ?6 Y {" {" Y8 R
Irritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)9 s- n! q/ G) ^. M0 k' e
Pneumonia or other lung infections
+ f% {* K7 b& ]Pulmonary edema( U$ F) u$ r; N* e
Systemic lupus erythematosus
# Q) x4 \: [) HTuberculosis
* t V6 _& ?, J; q/ X$ |* m6 X' SHome Care
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5 J9 [5 V7 V1 t& xCough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.) ^3 i0 q0 I$ |. P; [& `
2 X8 D0 F! [. ]9 w( N1 v% N5 {When to Contact a Medical Professional4 j4 y0 \! I! Q5 M
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Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:
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" t" l/ R8 } wA cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood, e9 I* i+ v1 Y& P* q! {
Blood in your urine or stools
) `9 \. [ F u: j+ ~' ZChest pain% n. m% ?% a4 T% S9 j
Dizziness8 _9 O# l8 v' N
Fever
. @) p7 V" L6 o4 q2 QLight-headedness- x6 v7 S L' w) i: ^1 F) M) U
Severe shortness of breath7 M$ ], l# P, m" J+ s( E$ p
What to Expect at Your Office Visit7 E5 a0 U9 P0 J: H
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In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:
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Type6 G1 A& S# R; W
Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?& c1 d% w! E* E5 a
Can you see blood when you cough up something?
; T/ Q+ }8 M2 d; F* SHow many times have you coughed up blood? O. D1 }6 r" Q
Is there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
+ N% ^6 V' J6 r; @7 ?0 o$ xTime pattern3 W6 r Y% t+ ~, i9 p: M
Did it begin suddenly?
/ {+ `! N- B2 Z q2 jHas it increased recently?
0 r0 q+ w! n* p8 H& j- BFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?$ D* q0 e0 K. Q/ X
Is the cough worse at night?" M1 ^1 ~: X% b7 Z' }2 p& o% r7 y0 r
What other symptoms do you have?
- c! a2 w* E9 s! _% N6 [/ cThe doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:& u9 ]9 m8 j6 N0 i" c( m
+ K2 t* O: ^ }1 i: \Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
, Q$ z l+ G- iChest CT scan
6 Z3 O1 Y7 B; {Chest x-ray( I0 Z; o# c6 r, W* o# V: y
Complete blood count8 d/ N# j5 H/ \/ N/ l" O
Lung biopsy
7 o. ~: P4 a6 M& _5 eLung scan2 {: [+ ~; H, C U
Pulmonary arteriography7 _/ v0 a) Z1 V
Sputum culture and smear8 d& ^1 j' l! f
Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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